The Effect of Adherence to Infection Control Protocols on Postoperative Cardiac Patients in Federal Medical Centre, Owerri
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Background of the Study
Postoperative infections remain a significant challenge in surgical care, particularly among cardiac patients who are at a higher risk of complications due to their compromised cardiovascular health. Infections such as surgical site infections (SSIs), pneumonia, and bloodstream infections can lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates. Strict adherence to infection control protocols is critical in reducing these risks and improving surgical outcomes.
Infection control measures in postoperative care include hand hygiene, aseptic techniques, proper wound care, and the judicious use of antibiotics. Nurses play a pivotal role in ensuring adherence to these protocols by monitoring infection risks, educating patients, and implementing best practices. However, adherence to infection control measures varies across healthcare facilities due to factors such as inadequate staffing, resource limitations, and lapses in training.
At the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, the extent to which infection control protocols are followed in the postoperative care of cardiac patients is not well documented. Evaluating the effect of adherence to these protocols on patient outcomes will provide valuable insights into improving infection prevention strategies and reducing complications in cardiac surgery patients.
Statement of the Problem
Postoperative infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among cardiac surgery patients, with poor adherence to infection control protocols being a key contributing factor. While global guidelines emphasize strict infection prevention measures, healthcare institutions in Nigeria often face challenges in maintaining high compliance levels. Factors such as insufficient training, lack of resources, and high patient-to-nurse ratios can lead to lapses in protocol adherence.
At Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, there is limited research on the direct impact of infection control compliance on postoperative cardiac patients. Understanding this relationship is essential in improving nursing practices and developing hospital policies that enhance patient safety. This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of adherence to infection control protocols and its impact on patient recovery and complication rates.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of adherence to infection control protocols in postoperative cardiac care at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri.
- To examine the impact of adherence to infection control protocols on infection rates among postoperative cardiac patients.
- To identify barriers to strict adherence to infection control measures among healthcare professionals.
Research Questions
- What is the level of adherence to infection control protocols in postoperative cardiac care at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri?
- How does adherence to infection control protocols affect infection rates in postoperative cardiac patients?
- What are the barriers to maintaining high compliance with infection control protocols?
Research Hypotheses
- High adherence to infection control protocols reduces infection rates in postoperative cardiac patients.
- There is a significant relationship between infection control protocol adherence and patient recovery outcomes.
- Resource limitations and inadequate training are major barriers to infection control compliance.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on postoperative cardiac patients and healthcare professionals at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri. It will assess the adherence levels to infection control measures and their impact on patient outcomes. Limitations may include variability in individual healthcare worker compliance and potential underreporting of infections.
Definitions of Terms
- Infection Control Protocols: Guidelines and procedures implemented to prevent infections in healthcare settings.
- Postoperative Cardiac Patients: Patients recovering from heart surgery who require specialized care.
- Surgical Site Infection (SSI): An infection occurring at the site of surgery, often caused by inadequate infection prevention measures.
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